WEEK 10 字源筆記

1. extension of quiz for midterm exam

a. A.T.M

A.T.M means automatic teller machine.

b. mock 

Mock means laugh at or make fun of, and it doesn't need to put  a preposition behind the word.
→ mockery (n.) means something that makes a system, organization etc seem stupid or useless

c. bull's eye 正中靶心

The bull's eye, is the centre of a target, and by extension the name given to any shot that hits the bull's eye. By extension, the word bull's eye can refer to any design or pattern featuring prominent concentric circles, visually suggesting an archery target, and "hitting the bull's eye" is a term for an unexpectedly good success.

d. onomatopoeia 擬聲字
It means the use of words such as ‘buzz’ and ‘thud’ that sound like the sound which they refer to. Another examples are grotesque, yuck, gross, etc.
grotesque (adj.) means extremely ugly and strange

e. Gothic cathedral ( twisted and grotesque)

The Hunchback of Notre Dame (French: Notre-Dame de Paris) is a French Romantic/Gothic novel by Victor Hugo published in 1831. The title refers to the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, on which the story is centered, and the true protagonist of the story Esméralda. English translator Frederic Shoberl named the novel "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" in 1833 because at the time, Gothic novels were more popular than Romance novels in England.The story is set in Paris, France in the Late Middle Ages, during the reign of Louis XI.

 

1998 version

 2. extra information

a. John Donne

Many of John Donne's poems contain metaphysical conceits and intellectual reasoning to build a deeper understanding of the speaker's emotional state. A conceit can be defined as an extended, unconventional metaphor between objects that appear to be unrelated. Metaphysical conceit is a highly ingenious kind of conceit widely used by the metaphysical poets. It often exploits verbal logic to the point of the grotesque and sometimes creates such extravagant turns on meaning that they become absurd. 
For example, Devotions upon Emergent Occasions is a prose work by the English metaphysical poet.

No man is an island,
Entire of itself,
Every man is a piece of the continent,
A part of the main.
If a clod be washed away by the sea,
Europe is the less.
As well as if a promontory were.
As well as if a manor of thy friend's
Or of thine own were:
Any man's death diminishes me,
Because I am involved in mankind,
And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls;
It tolls for thee. 

→ rebellion                 → diminish

        war                         光線暗下

b. Ulysses by Tennyson

Part of text:

We are not now that strength which in old days

Moved earth and heaven, that which we are, we are;

One equal temper of heroic hearts,

Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will

To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.

c. plot (v.) (n.) (+ against) means a secret plan to do something bad, made by two or more people

d. distraught (adj.) extremely worried, upset, or confused

   negative