2015年10月11日 星期日

WEEK 02 字源筆記

1. prefix, root and suffix

pre- : before     eg. preface, predict
context   "con" stands for with or together
finish  "fin" stands for ending  eg. final
-cide : kill      eg. suicide, pesticide
mortgage  "mort" stands for death and "gage" means pledge
(n.)= an agreement under which a person borrows money to buy property, esp a house, and the lender may take possession of the property if the borrower fails to repay the money
eg. mortician, morgue, mortify

2. The World of History 


Where do English words come from?
Latin : exit, circus, video
Greek :  psychology, telephone, cinema
French :  biscuit, garage, restaurant
Italian :  piano, concerto, spaghetti
Indian :  curry, bungalow, pyjamas
Spanish : guitar, tango, banana
Native American languages : tomato, potato, tabacco
German : hamburger, frankfurter, kindergarten 

3.How languages evolve ?

 
http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-languages-evolve-alex-gendler

 

WEEK 02 西概筆記(Western Literature) 

1. extension of quiz and orientation

a. blood moon


For starters, the first blood moon eclipse coincided with the Jewish holiday of Passover, a pivotal event that commemorates the ancient Israelites’ Exodus from slavery in Egypt.

b. lyre  →  lyric
  Hermes created the lyre for him, and the instrument became a common attribute of Apollo.
c. Oedipus

Oedipus was a mythical Greek king of Thebes, the son and killer of Laius, son and consort of Jocasta, and father and sibling of Polynices, Eteocles, Antigone, and Ismene. A tragic hero in Greek mythology, Oedipus accidentally fulfilled the prophecy, despite his efforts not to, that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city and family. When the truth was discovered, his wife-mother hanged herself, and Oedipus gouged out his own eyes.

d. owl, Athena and wisdom

In Greek mythology, a little owl baby (Athene noctua) traditionally represents or accompanies Athena, the virgin goddess of wisdom, or Minerva, her syncretic incarnation in Roman mythology.Because of such association, the bird — often referred to as the "owl of Athena" or the "owl of Minerva" — has been used as a symbol of knowledge, wisdom, perspicacity and erudition throughout the Western world.

e. ancient greek orchestra
parodos is a term used in the theater of ancient Greece, referring either to a side-entrance, or to the first song sung by the chorus after its entrance from the side wings.
The skene served as another "hidden stage." At times some of the action went on inside, in which case it was up to the audience to decide what was happening based on the noises coming from the inside.


2. prefix, root and suffix

e-: out     eliminate, evacuate
dia: go through      dialogue, dialect, diagnosis
de:away from  decline, depreciate
mono-:one       monotheistic, monopoly
poly- :many      polytheistic, polygamy



2015年10月4日 星期日

WEEK 01 字源筆記

1.Introduction

Etymology is the study of the history of words.
Prefix : a group of letters that is added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning. For example, the prefix ‘un-’ is added to the word ‘tidy’ to form ‘untidy’.
Root   :  the most basic form of a word, or a word that is the base for other words
Suffix : a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to make a different word. For example, the suffix ‘-ness’ is added to ‘great’ and ‘happy’ to make ‘greatness’ and ‘happiness’

2.orientation 

analogy
A:B=C:D
eg. prey: predator= lamb: lion
 
de-:down,away
eg. depreciate, detriment, descend
-meter: measure
eg. kilometer, thermometer, hydrometer

3.The World of English


William Caxton set up the first English printing press in 1475.
This was very important.It fixed the language in a sort of "official" form.
From that time, English changed more slowly.
1806, Noal Webster wrote a dictionary with new American Speaking.

4.The History of English in Ten Minutes

 

Chapter 1. Anglosaxon
Chapter 2. The Norman Conquest
Chapter 3. Shakespeare
Chapter 4. The King James Bible
Chapter 5. The English of Science
Chapter 6. English and Empire
Chapter 7. The Age of Dictionary
Chapter 8. American English
Chapter 9. Internet English
Chapter 10. Global English




2015年10月3日 星期六

WEEK 01 西概筆記 (Western Literature)




1. three questions in your mind

(1) What is that?
(2) What is that for?
(3) What should we care?

2 .vocabulary

 allusion  (n.)
 (1) a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by implication
 (2) the act of alluding; the making of a casual or indirect reference to something
 (3) obsolete. a metaphor or parable
eg. biblical allusion, classical allusion, literaral allusion 

3.Roman numerals 




1
5
10
50
100
500
1000
I
V
X
L
C
D
M

  

   tips.      4,9 減   其餘數字 加 
ex.   4:IV   9:IX    99:XCIX

 4.Intro to American Literature 

  
  (1) What is literature?
  (2) Why do people read literature?
  (3) Why is necessary for you to study literature?
  (4) How to define American Literature?
  (5) Basic qualities of American writers?
  (6) How to study literature?

5.film: Helen of Troy ,2003